The Constitution of Japan guarantees workers’ rights to organize, bargain and act collectively (the right to strike, etc.) in order that workers can be on an equal footing with their employers. These are known as the three rights of workers.
To guarantee the three basic workers’ rights in a practical way, Article 7 of the Labor Union Act prohibits the following acts by employers (outlined below) as unfair labor practices.
If an employer is thought to have engaged in an unfair labor practice, the workers or labor union can file a complaint with the Labor Relations Commission up to one year from the date of the incident, in order to have the employer rectify those practices.